Complements


 * Complements**

A **Complement** is a word or group of words that completes the meaning of a verb.

__The 4 Kinds of Complements.__
 * 1) Direct Objects
 * 2) Indirect Objects
 * 3) Object Complements
 * 4) Subject Complements (Predicate Nominatives and Predicate Adjectives)


 * Direct Objects** answer the question what? or whom? after an action verb. They are also nouns, pronouns, or words acting as nouns, and they may be compound. Only **transitive verbs** have direct objects.

Examples of a Direct Object:
 * Estella sold her __computer.__ -She sold what? The computer.
 * Tamara watched the __professor.__ -She watched whom? The professor.
 * Estella sold her __computer__ and __radio__. -This is a compound direct object. You do NOT include and.


 * Indirect Objects** answers the questions to whom, for whom, to what or for what? after an action verb. A sentence can have an indirect object ONLY if it has a direct object as well. It also always comes between the verb and the direct object. Notice that if you add the word //to// or //for// in front of an indirect object, the sentence will still make sense.

Example:
 * Rami left Jennifer a message. - Jennifer is the indirect object.
 * Rami left a message for Jennifer. -Jennifer is no longer an indirect object, Jennifer is now the object of the preposition.

Examples of Indirect objects:
 * Mrs.Abood gave __us__ the test. - Mrs.Abood gave the test to whom? Us.
 * Ahmad bought __Jeremy__ and __Sean__ candy. - Ahmad bought the candy for whom? Jeremy, Sean.


 * Object Complements** answers the question what? after a direct object. It completes the meaning of the direct object by identifying or describing it. They only occur in sentences with direct objects and only in those sentences with the following action verbs or with similar verbs that have the general meaning of "make" or "consider":
 * Appoint
 * Call
 * Choose
 * Consider
 * Elect
 * Find
 * Make
 * Name
 * Prove
 * Render
 * Think
 * Vote

Examples of Object Complements:
 * The bonus made Susan __happy__.-The bonus made Susan what? Happy.
 * I named my dog __Sadie__. -I named my dog what? Sadie.
 * Our cat considers that pillow __hers__. She considers that pillow what? Hers.

A **Subject Complement** follows a subject and a linking verb and identifies or describes the subject.

Two Kinds of Subject Complements:
 * 1) Predicate Nominative
 * 2) Predicate Adjective

A **Predicate Nominative** //aka a Predicate Noun// is a noun or a pronoun that follows a __linking verb__ and points back to the subject to rename it or identify it further.

Examples of Predicate Nominatives: Another thing about Predicate Nominatives is that they can be found after other linking verbs such as //become// or //remain//. Examples of this:
 * Cellists are __musicians__.
 * The soloist for this concert is __someone__ from Dallas.
 * My favorite singer is __he__.
 * Alexis remains an __admirer__ and a __friend__.
 * That class became a __challenge__ for me.

A **Predicate Adjective** is an adjective that follows a linking verb and points back to the subject and further describes it. Examples of Predicate Adjectives: //Predicate Adjectives may follow any linking verbs such as:// Practice! //Identify each complement by writing// **DO**//,// **IO**//,// **OC**//,// **PN**//, and// **PA.** //There may be more than one in a sentence.//
 * My sister is __generous__.
 * Some doctors are __compassionate__.
 * I feel very __insecure__.
 * The boy appeared __happy__.
 * The milk tastes __sour__.
 * 1) She watched him.
 * 2) After the exams, I will be happy.
 * 3) The father bought his son the toy.
 * 4) She remains silent.
 * 5) The test made me sad.
 * 6) This class is a challenge for me.
 * 7) The homeless man was cold.
 * 8) She gave us a test.
 * 9) The dog considers that toy his.
 * 10) She seemed happy.